Anti nmo and anti mog8/17/2023 NMO can't be cured, though long-term remission is sometimes possible with the right management. Patients with an inflamed optic nerve from NMO have more-extensive vision loss and retinal nerve thinning than people with MS. This test evaluates the retinal nerve and its thickness. These tests help find lesions or damaged areas in the nerves, spinal cord, optic nerve, brain or brainstem. Equipment attached to the electrodes records the brain's responses to stimuli. Wires called electrodes are attached to the scalp and, in some cases, the earlobes, neck, arm, leg and back. To learn how well the brain responds to stimuli such as sounds, sights or touch, a test called evoked potentials test or evoked response test is done. This is greater than usually seen in MS, although this doesn't always happen. ![]() The spinal fluid might show very high white blood cells during NMO episodes. This test determines the levels of immune cells, proteins and antibodies in the fluid. During this test, the neurologist inserts a needle into the lower back to remove a small amount of spinal fluid. A myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) antibody test also might be used to look for another inflammatory disorder that mimics NMO. Other biomarkers such as serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and serum neurofilament light chain help detect relapses. This test helps in making an early diagnosis of NMO. This test shows a difference between NMO and MS. A health care provider might test the blood for the aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G, also called AQP4-IgG antibody. The health care provider might be able to detect lesions or damaged areas in the brain, optic nerves or spinal cord.īlood tests. This imaging test uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create a detailed view of the brain, optic nerves and spinal cord. An eye doctor might be involved in the exam. A neurologist examines the movements, muscle strength, coordination, sensation, memory, thinking, vision and speech. To detect the condition, a health care provider generally reviews the medical history and symptoms and performs a physical exam.
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